General resources

City of Detroit Historic Fort Wayne Strategic Plan and Strategic Plan Appendices

Detroit Historical Society Online Collections – Fort Wayne (please note - this does not include every item related to Historic Fort Wayne; other helpful search terms include “Detroit River,” “Delray,” “Fortifications,” “Riverfront")

Detroit News – Historic Fort Wayne Photo Gallery

Books

Bak, R. (2010). Boneyards: Detroit Under Ground. Wayne State University Press.

Bellfy, P. (2011). Three Fires Unity: The Anishinaabeg of the Lake Huron Borderlands. University of Nebraska Press.

Brunsman, D.; Stone, J.; Fisher, D. (Eds.). Border Crossings: The Detroit River Region in the War of 1812. Detroit Historical Society.

Burton, C. M. (1922a). The City of Detroit, Michigan, 1701-1922 (Vol. 1). S.J. Clarke Publishing Company.

Burton, C. M. (1922b). The City of Detroit, Michigan, 1701-1922 (Vol. 2). S.J. Clarke Publishing Company. 

Conway, J., & Jamroz, D. (2007). Detroit’s Historic Fort Wayne (MI). Arcadia Publishing. 

Frost, K. S., & Tucker, V. S. (Eds.). (2016). A Fluid Frontier Slavery, Resistance, and the Underground Railroad in the Detroit River Borderland. Wayne State University Press.

Mays, K. (2022). City of Dispossessions: Indigenous Peoples, African Americans, and the Creation of Modern Detroit. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 

McLaughlin, S. J. (2013). The Patriot War Along the Michigan-Canada Border: Raiders and Rebels. History Press. 

Miles, T. (2017). The Dawn of Detroit: A Chronicle of Slavery and Freedom in the City of the Straits. The New Press.

Smith-Sleeper, S. (2001). Indian Women and French Men: Rethinking Cultural Encounters in the Western Great Lakes, Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.

White, R. (1997). The Middle Ground: Indians, Empires, and Republics in the Great lakes Region, 1650-1815, Cambridge University Press.

Yanik, A.J. (2011). The Fall and Recapture of Detroit in the War of 1812: In Defense of William Hull. Wayne State University Press.

News articles, blog posts, journal articles, online resources

Aguillar, L. (n.d.). Major revival being studied for Historic Fort Wayne. The Detroit News. https://www.detroitnews.com/story/business/2015/03/10/detroit-fort-wayne/24743635/.

Ash, A. (2023). Tuskegee Airmen Museum Unveils New Detroit Facility. The Michigan Chronicle. https://michiganchronicle.com/2023/04/02/tuskegee-airmen-museum-unveils-new-multi-million-dollar-detroit-facility/. 

Bellin, J. N. (1764). La Riviere Du Detroit Depuis le Lac Sainte Claire jusqu’au Lac Erie [Map]. Detroit Historical Society. https://detroithistorical.pastperfectonline.com/archive/202945D1-F3F3-4ED6-8355-674107584853.  

City of Detroit Final Report, Proposed Fort Wayne District. (2016). City of Detroit City Council Historic Designation Advisory Board. https://detroitmi.gov/sites/detroitmi.localhost/files/2018-08/Fort%20Wayne%20HD%20Final%20Report.pdf. 

Chivis, J. (2022). Reclaiming Aboriginal Territory: NHBP’S Quest to Obtain the Deed for a 1,000-Year-Old Burial Mound in Detroit. Nottawaseppi Band of Huron Potawatomi. https://nhbp-nsn.gov/blog/reclaiming-aboriginal-territory/. 

Cox, A. (2022). Reading Detroit in a Season of Mourning. Places Journal. https://doi.org/10.22269/220125.

Detroit Historical Society. (n.d.). Frontiers to Factories: The Building Detroit Curriculum. https://apps.detroithistorical.org/buildingdetroit/curriculum.php

Dorman, J. L. (2017). Exploring Detroit’s Underground Railroad Sites. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/24/travel/detroit-michigan-windsor-canada-river-underground-railroad-slavery.html

Dunnigan, B. L. (2014). Detroit’s ribbon farms: “their way of Settlmt is much more plaisant & less convenient than ours”. The Free Library. https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Detroit%27s+ribbon+farms%3A+%22their+way+of+Settlmt+is+much+more+plaisant+%26...-a0319975274 

France, R. L. (2007). Detroit [Re]Turns to Nature. In Handbook of Regenerative Landscape Design. CRC Press

Greeley, A. (1810). Plan of Private Claims in Michigan Territory as Surveyed by Aarol Greeley in 1810 [Map]. Detroit Historical Society. https://detroithistorical.pastperfectonline.com/media/59955C86-4A76-441C-AA3A-973214893670 

Hartig, J. H., Francoeur, S. N., Ciborowski, J. J. H., Gannon, J. E., Sanders, C. E., Galvao-Ferreira, P., Knauss, C. R., Gell, G., & Berk, K. (2021). An ecosystem health assessment of the Detroit River and western Lake Erie. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 47(4), 1241–1256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2021.05.008 

Hartig, J. H., Robinson, R. S., & Zarull, M. A. (2010). Designing a Sustainable Future through Creation of North America’s only International Wildlife Refuge. Sustainability, 2, 3110–3128. https://doi.org/doi:10.3390/su2093110 

Hartig, J.H., Zarull, M.A., Ciborowski, J.J.H. et al. (2009). Long-term ecosystem monitoring and assessment of the Detroit River and Western Lake Erie. Environmental Monitoring and  Assessment 158, 87–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0567-0

Henson, B. L., Kraus, D. T., McMurty, M. J., & Ewert, D. N. (2010). Islands of Life: A Biodiversity and Conservation Atlas of the Great Lakes Islands. Nature Conservancy of Canada. https://www.conservationgateway.org/Documents/Islands-of-Life-final-4-printers.pdf 

Highsmith, C. M. (2019). The Tuskegee Airmen Museum on the grounds of Historic Fort Wayne, now a historical outdoor museum in Detroit, Michigan’s, industrial Delray neighborhood (Michigan - Detroit) [Photograph]. Library of Congress. https://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/highsm.60396 

Hocking, S. (n.d.). Mound Project. https://www.scotthocking.com/mound.html.

International Wildlife Refuge Alliance. (n.d.). Byways to Flyways: A Driving Tour of Featured Birding Locations in the Windsor-Detroit Metropolitan Region. International Wildlife Refuge Alliance. http://npshistory.com/brochures/nwr/detroit-river-birding.pdf 

Jewell, P. (2021, October 21). “It’s all Waawiyaatanong.” Planet Detroit. https://planetdetroit.org/2021/10/its-all-waawiyaatanong/. 

Lassiter, M. D., and the Policing and Social Justice HistoryLab. (2021). Detroit Under Fire: Police Violence, Crime Politics, and the Struggle for Racial Justice in the Civil Rights Era. University of Michigan Carceral State Project. https://policing.umhistorylabs.lsa.umich.edu/s/detroitunderfire/page/1967. 

Mays, K. (2015). Indigenous Detroit: Indigeneity, Modernity, and Racial and Gender Formation in a Modern American City, 1871-2000 [University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/78653. 

Mays, K. (2021). Op-ed: Untold stories of urban Indigenous women need to be heard. Daily Bruin. https://dailybruin.com/2021/11/25/op-ed-untold-stories-of-urban-indigenous-women-need-to-be-heard-2/ 

The National Museum of the Tuskegee Airmen. (n.d.). The Tuskegee Airmen. The National Museum of the Tuskegee Airmen. https://tuskegeemuseum.org/history/ 

Nye, D. E. (2016). Narrating the Contested Space of Detroit’s River Rouge, 1600–2015. Zeitschrift Für Anglistik Und Amerikanistik, 64(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/10.1515/zaa-2016-0004 

Priority Region: Detroit River & the St. Clair Flats. (2022, May 23). Audubon Great Lakes. https://gl.audubon.org/coastal-wetlands/priority-region-detroit-river-st-clair-flats 

Read, J. (2018). Restoring Fish Spawning Habitat in the St. Clair and Detroit Rivers. University of Michigan Graham Sustainability Institute. https://graham.umich.edu/project/restoring-fish-spawning-habitat-st-clair-and-detroit-rivers 

Sauer, W. C. (1893) Detailed official atlas of Wayne County, Michigan: containing general maps of Wayne County and city of Detroit, general township maps ...: also detail plats of all recorded subdivisions and additions in the county, outside the city limits of. Detroit, Mich. [Map] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2008622019/.  

Sewick, P. (2015). Detroit Urbanism: The Mound Builders. Detroit Urbanism. http://detroiturbanism.blogspot.com/2015/12/the-mound-builders.html.

Sewick, P. (2018). The origins and demise of Delray. Curbed Detroit. https://detroit.curbed.com/2018/5/3/17314922/the-origins-demise-delray.

Sherzer, W. H. (1911). Geological Report on Wayne County (Annual Report of the Board of Geological and Biological Survey for 1911, 12:9; Geological Series). State of Michigan. https://www.michigan.gov/-/media/Project/Websites/egle/Documents/Programs/OGMD/Catalog/13/PU-12-Aopt.pdf?rev=015da60b30f741d8a9d60ce3975e010c 

Smyser, B. (1961). Service to Isolated Sites: Fort Wayne Michigan. Art Education, 14(8), 15–16. https://doi.org/10.2307/3186773 

Tuskegee Airmen Museum. (n.d.). City of Detroit. https://detroitmi.gov/departments/airport-coleman-young-international/tuskegee-airmen-museum 

U.S. Department of Agriculture. (2019). Riparian Research and Management: Past, Present, Future: Volume 1. 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2015). Detroit River Tributaries and related Michigan AOCs [Overviews and Factsheets]. https://www.epa.gov/great-lakes-aocs/detroit-river-tributaries-and-related-michigan-aocs 

U.S. National Parks Service. (n.d.). Historical Overview of Fallen Timbers Battlefield and Fort Miamis. National Parks Service Fallen Timbers Battlefield. https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/historical-overview-of-fallen-timbers-battlefield-and-fort-miamis.htm.

Vaccaro, L., D. Bennion, J. Boase, M. Bohling, J. Chiotti, J. Craig, R. Drouin, J. Fischer, G. Kennedy, B. Manny, J. Read,  E. Roseman and M. Thomas. (2016). Science in Action: Lessons Learned from Fish Spawning Habitat Restoration in the St. Clair and Detroit Rivers. [MICHU-16-501] Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan. https://graham.umich.edu/media/pubs/Reef_Lessons_Learned.pdf 

Vishanoff, R. (2023). Colonial and Intertribal Wars: Beaver Wars (1628-1701). Nottawaseppi Band of Huron Potawatomi. https://www.potawatomi.org/blog/2023/01/06/colonial-and-intertribal-wars-beaver-wars-1628-1701/.

Zoski, S. (2023). William Iverson Jr.: A Century of Driving America Forward. School of Social Work, Wayne State University. https://socialwork.wayne.edu/news/william-iverson-jr-a-century-of-driving-america-forward-44002 

Archaeological reports are not made publicly available in accordance with disciplinary standards and with respect to the sacred nature of the study sites.